Tag Archives: Terrorism

Violent Conflicts Force 1 Million African Children Out of School

Violent conflicts in Africa, fueled by the Boko Haram insurgency, have forced more than 1 million children out of school, the United Nations Children’s Fund reported Tuesday.

The organization, commonly known as UNICEF, reported that the children have been forced out of class in northeastern Nigeria and the neighboring nations of Cameroon, Chad and Niger.

UNICEF said that total doesn’t include the 11 million kids in those four countries who were already out of school before Boko Haram began its insurgency six years ago. According to the Global Terrorism Index, the Islamic extremist group killed more people last year (6,644) than any other terrorist organization — including the Islamic State, to which it has pledged allegiance.

But Boko Haram is only partly responsible for the violence in Nigeria.

Fulani militants, who use often violent tactics to control grazing land for their livestock, killed 1,229 people last year, according to the Global Terrorism Index. Because Nigeria houses two of the world’s five deadliest terrorist groups, the country had 7,512 terrorism-related deaths last year. That was more than any other country but Iraq, which established a record with 9,929.

According to UNICEF, more than 2,000 schools are closed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger. The organization says hundreds of them have been set ablaze, looted or otherwise attacked, and that some of the closures have stretched on for more than a year. In Cameroon, for example, UNICEF reported that 135 schools closed in 2014 and only one of them has reopened.

Part of the reason for the lengthy closures is that there’s a fear of future terrorist attacks. UNICEF reported that 600 Nigerian teachers have died during the Boko Haram insurgency.

Manuel Fontaine, UNICEF’s regional director in West and Central Africa, said in a statement that many children are now at risk of dropping out of school entirely as a result of the violence.

“The challenge we face is to keep children safe without interrupting their schooling,” Fontaine said in a statement. “Schools have been targets of attack, so children are scared to go back to the classroom; yet the longer they stay out of school, the greater the risks of being abused, abducted and recruited by armed groups.”

UNICEF said it’s taken some steps to help educate children in the region, like establishing some temporary learning spaces and expanding some schools, but they’ve reached less than 200,000 kids. Security issues and funding shortages have complicated the group’s outreach efforts.

UNICEF said it will need about $23 million to educate children in the four countries next year.

Muslims Shield Christians During Terrorist Attack in Kenya

Muslim passengers helped shield non-Muslim passengers, some of them Christians, during a terrorist attack on a bus in Northern Kenya on Monday, according to multiple published reports.

Daily Nation, a Kenyan newspaper, reported a bus traveling from the Kenyan capital of Nairobi to Mandera was attacked at about 7 a.m. local time by gunmen believed to be tied to Al-Shabaab.

The Associated Press reported 60 passengers were on the bus when the gunmen stopped it in Papa City, and that some of the Muslim passengers helped some of the non-Muslim passengers put on Islamic apparel, such as head scarves, to help mask their identities from the terrorists.

The bus passengers might have been recalling a similar attack that took place last November.

Al-Jazeera reported that Al-Shabaab militants stopped a bus near Mandera, singled out 28 non-Muslims aboard, and killed them. The BBC also reported that Al-Shabaab militants singled out Christians when they shot and killed about 150 people at Kenya’s Garissa University in April.

The quick-thinking passengers ensured that a similar scene wouldn’t take place this time.

A local government official told Daily Nation that the militants reportedly asked the passengers to exit the bus and separate themselves into two groups: Muslims and non-Muslims. The official told the newspaper the gunmen “were trying to identify who were Christians and who were not.”

But the passengers refused to divide themselves. Mandera Governor Ali Roba told Daily Nation that the passengers insisted the gunmen “should kill them together or leave them alone.”

According to the Associated Press, the gunmen ordered everyone back on the bus after a Muslim passenger told them that the bus had a police escort that was due to arrive on the scene shortly.

Two people were killed and three were injured in the attacks, Roba wrote on his Twitter page. The governor said the militants also attacked a truck.

U.N. Moves to Cut Off Funding for Terrorist Groups

The United Nations Security Council took another step toward bankrupting the Islamic State on Thursday, voting to approve several measures aimed at cutting off the group’s funding sources.

The vote, which was unanimous, calls for United Nations members to do more to ensure that funds don’t find their way to the terrorist organization. A U.S. treasury official has publicly said the Islamic State has acquired roughly $1.5 billion by selling oil on the black market and looting bank vaults, as well as extorting millions more from people living in cities that it has captured.

The new resolution calls for U.N. members to improve cooperation between themselves, as well as work more closely with the private sector, to snuff out suspicious transactions. It also calls for putting a stop to all ransom payments to anyone on the Islamic State or Al-Qaida sanctions list, along with updating those lists. The council also called for U.N. members to do more to “detect any diversion” of the components terrorists could use to make explosive or chemical weapons.

According to a news release, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon said an increasing number of member states had ratified the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, a U.N. treaty that criminalizes financing terrorism, but more needed to be done.

“They are agile and have been far too successful in attaining resources for their heinous acts,” Ban said of the terrorist groups in his opening remarks, noting that terrorists have exploited financial loopholes and forged destructive links with criminal and drug syndicates for income.

Ban noted that the Islamic State was running a multimillion-dollar economy in the territory it controlled, bringing in money through oil smuggling, extortion, kidnapping, racketeering and human and arms trafficking. The Islamic State also looted and sold cultural property for cash, Ban said, and other terrorist groups like Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab and the Taliban followed suit.

Ban also told the Security Council that terrorists are constantly finding new ways to diversify and conceal income, making it imperative the U.N. act to prevent them from doing more harm.

“Just as terrorist groups are innovating and diversifying, the international community must stay ahead of the curve to combat money-laundering and the financing of terrorism,” Ban said.

Pennsylvania Man Charged With Providing Material Support to Islamic State

A 19-year-old Pennsylvania man was charged with conspiring and attempting to provide material support to the Islamic State, prosecutors announced on Thursday afternoon.

Jalil Ibn Ameer Aziz, of Harrisburg, is accused of using at least 57 different Twitter accounts for a variety of pro-Islamic State purposes, including advocating violence against the United States and spreading propaganda, according to a news release from the Department of Justice.

Federal prosecutors allege that Aziz posted the names and addresses of 100 members of the United States military and calls for violence against them. Aziz is also accused of helping people who were looking to travel overseas to join Islamic State fighters, in once case allegedly acting as an intermediary between someone in Turkey and “several well-known” Islamic State members. Prosecutors allege that Aziz shared maps and telephone numbers between the ISIS supporters.

Prosecutors announced they searched a backpack in Aziz’s closet and discovered “five loaded M4-style high-capacity magazines,” as well as a modified kitchen knife and a balaclava mask.

“The charges in this case focus on Aziz’s efforts to assist persons seeking to travel to and fight for the Islamic State,” U.S. Attorney Peter J. Smith said in a news release announcing the charges.

Aziz was scheduled to appear in court later Thursday.

In a separate case, the Department of Justice also said Thursday that an upstate New York man pleaded guilty to attempting to provide material support and resources to the Islamic State.

Mufid A. Elfgeeh, of Rochester, allegedly recruited two people in 2013 and 2014 and tried to send them to Syria to join ISIS. However, prosecutors said those recruits were cooperating with the FBI. Elgeeh was also accused of sending $600 to someone in Yemen to help them join ISIS.

Elgeeh was arrested in May 2014, making him one of the first Islamic State recruiters arrested in the United States, U.S. Attorney William J. Hochul Jr. said in a news release. The 31-year-old Elgeeh faces a maximum of 30 years in prison. He is scheduled to be sentenced in March.

Prosecutors Charge Farook’s Friend With Buying San Bernardino Weapons

A friend of one of the people responsible for the Dec. 2 mass shooting in California has been charged in connection with the attacks, as well as for plotting other unrelated terrorist acts.

Enrique Marquez Jr. was arrested Thursday, the Department of Justice said in a news release.

The 24-year-old is accused of unlawfully buying two assault rifles that his longtime friend, Syed Rizwan Farook, and Farook’s wife, Tashfeen Malik, used to kill 14 people and injure 21 more during a holiday party for Farook’s coworkers on Dec. 2 in San Bernardino. He was also accused of playing a role in plotting attacks with Farook in 2011 and 2012, plans they later abandoned.

Marquez was expected to appear in federal court later Thursday.

The official charges against him included conspiring to provide material support to terrorists, making a false statement about purchasing firearms, and immigration fraud, prosecutors said.

“While there currently is no evidence that Mr. Marquez participated in the Dec. 2, 2015 attack or had advance knowledge of it, his prior purchase of the firearms and ongoing failure to warn authorities about Farook’s intent to commit mass murder had fatal consequences,” U.S. Attorney Eileen M. Decker said in a statement announcing the arrests.

Prosecutors said Marquez moved to Riverside around 2005 and lived next door to Farook, who introduced him to Islam. Farook told Marquez about his radical views, prosecutors said, and Marquez converted to the religion in 2007. By 2011, prosecutors said Marquez “spent most of his time” with Farook, listening, watching and reading various radical Islamic materials.

Prosecutors said Farook and Marquez began planning terrorist attacks in 2011, and that Marquez admitted the attack was “designed to maximize the number of casualties that could be inflicted.” Marquez allegedly told prosecutors he and Farook wanted to throw pipe bombs into a cafeteria at Riverside Community College, where they had both studied, and shoot people as they fled. Prosecutors also allege Marquez told them about a terrorist plot involving pipe bombs and guns that would have targeted a stretch of California Route 91 during rush-hour traffic.

Prosecutors allege that Marquez bought two assault rifles between 2011 and 2012 that he claimed were for himself, but he was actually going to give to Farook for those attacks. Marquez allegedly told prosecutors he agreed to buy the guns because he appeared Caucasian and Farook appeared Middle Eastern. Marquez is also accused of buying explosive smokeless powder to aid “his and Farook’s plans to create bombs and commit mass killings,” according to the news release.

Prosecutors allege Marquez went to firing ranges with Farook to practice for those attacks in early 2012, but Marquez “distanced himself” from Farook in late 2012 after other people in Southern California were arrested for terrorism charges in November.

Authorities said that forensic tests confirmed two of the guns Farook and Malik used in San Bernardino were the ones Marquez allegedly purchased.

Additionally, prosecutors charged Marquez with entering into “a sham marriage with a member of Farook’s extended family so that she could obtain legal status in the United States.” Marquez’s alleged wife paid him $200 a month, prosecutors claim.

In one more detail, prosecutors illuminated published media reports saying that Malik pledged allegiance to the leader of the Islamic State on the morning of the attack.

In the news release, prosecutors allege “a Facebook account associated with Malik searched for” Islamic State materials that morning, and that the account posted “We pledge allegiance to Khalifa bu bkr al bhaghdadi al quraishi,” which prosecutors believe is the publicized pledge.

The FBI said the investigation into the San Bernardino shooting is ongoing.

Homeland Security Scrapped Proposal to Check Applicants’ Social Media Profiles

Homeland Security officials debated a policy that would have allowed authorities to review the social media profiles of foreigners who applied to come to the United States as far back as 2011, but ultimately decided against the idea, MSNBC reported on Thursday.

The news agency published a U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services memo detailing a proposed policy that would have allowed officials to utilize social networking sites “for purposes of verifying information related to applications and petitions.” The memo indicates doing so could help detect “criminal activity, or egregious public safety or national security concerns.”

The memo itself isn’t dated, though MSNBC reported it was ultimately rejected in 2011 after a lengthy process that included multiple revisions. Speaking anonymously to the news agency, a former senior Homeland Security official said it was “unusual” for the policy to go through the revision process, which took about a year to complete, only for it to be axed by senior officials.

Public demand to check foreign applicant’s social media profiles before allowing them to come to the United States has surged after the Dec. 2 mass shooting in San Bernardino, California. Tashfeen Malik and Syed Rizwan Farook killed 14 people and wounded 21 more during a holiday party for Farook’s coworkers in what President Barack Obama has called an act of terrorism.

FBI Director James Comey has testified before federal lawmakers and said the shooters were communicating about jihad and martyrdom over the Internet as far back as 2013, yet Malik was still able to obtain a fiancee visa and move to the United States despite those communications. She was living in Saudi Arabia when she met Farook, a U.S. citizen, on an online dating website.

Since then, lawmakers have said they’re crafting bills that would make checking an applicant’s social media profiles, or at least the publicly available information on them, a required part of the visa screening process. While there are some pilot programs for those reviews in place, ABC News has reported it’s still not a widespread policy, partly due to civil liberties concerns.

But the memo obtained by MSNBC indicates that federal policymakers had discussed allowing employees to review applicants’ social media profiles at least four years before the San Bernardino shootings.

The memo indicates that “many social networking websites” actually could not be accessed from Homeland Security computers, as the department’s security controls blocked them. The memo doesn’t specify what websites could not be viewed by employees, but says that “access to certain sites may be blocked to maintain employee productivity or to reduce security risks to agency networks.”

The policy would have allowed “certain agency personnel to access social networking sites for verification purposes.” The memo notes that while some sites have privacy settings that hide information, it’s possible for anyone on the Internet to see certain personal details or posts. The memo indicated that officials would only be allowed to review “publicly available information.”

The axed policy would have allowed applicants “to explain or refute any derogatory information obtained from social networking sites,” before any immigration ruling, according to the memo.

Schools in South Florida, Houston and Dallas Also Received Threats

Multiple major school districts across the United States are reporting that they received threats similar to the ones that were made against schools Los Angeles and New York earlier this week.

Schools in Miami, Houston and Dallas all reported receiving the threats on Wednesday evening. The threats weren’t determined to be credible and schools in those cities stayed open Thursday.

School officials in Los Angeles canceled all classes on Tuesday after receiving a threat that involved backpacks and other packages. The threat was ultimately determined to be a hoax.

New York Police Commissioner Bill Bratton told reporters at a Tuesday news conference that their schools got a similar threat, but determined it wasn’t serious. Classes went on as planned.

Speaking at a news conference Thursday, Miami-Dade County Public School Superintendent Alberto M. Carvalho said that someone emailed board members in multiple school districts on Wednesday night with the exact same message. After speaking with various law enforcement agencies, the threat wasn’t deemed credible and Thursday went on as “a regular school day.”

Still, the district increased its law enforcement presence in schools.

Carvalho said at the news conference that schools in Broward County, Florida, and Long Beach, California, received similar threats. The Houston Independent School District and Dallas Independent School District also got similar threats, officials there said in statements. The Orange County (Florida) Public Schools were also threatened, according to their Facebook page.

“At this time, we do not believe the threat is credible, but as a precautionary measure law enforcement officers are in the process of conducting random sweeps of school district buildings to ensure student safety,” the Houston Independent School District said in a statement.

The Dallas Independent School District said bomb-sniffing dogs were used in their sweeps.

The threats are being made against some of the largest school districts in the country.

According to American School & University Magazine, New York and Los Angeles are America’s largest and second-largest school districts in terms of enrollment, respectively. Miami-Dade ranked fourth, Broward County was sixth, Houston was seventh, Orange County was 10th and Dallas was 14th. Together, those seven districts educate close to 3 million students every day.

Pentagon: Islamic State’s Presence in Afghanistan Growing

Islamic State militants are engaged in a turf war with the Taliban as it tries to establish a “safe haven” in Afghanistan, according a new report released this week by the Department of Defense.

The Pentagon report indicates the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Khorasan Province, a branch of the terrorist organization, is becoming “more operationally active” in Afghanistan.

The Islamic State branch “has progressed from its initial exploratory phase to a point where they are openly fighting the Taliban for the establishment of a safe haven,” the report indicates, adding that the branch has captured some land from the Taliban in the province of Nangarhar.

The report also says that the Islamic State branch is recruiting Taliban defectors who no longer wished to support the group, and that the Afghanistan government was “particularly concerned” about the branch’s rise. The group is viewed as a “serious looming threat,” the report indicates.

The branch claimed responsibility for an improvised explosive device attack against a United Nations vehicle in September, the report says. It also attacked up to 10 checkpoints in a day later that month.

“(The Islamic State branch) represents an emergent competitor to other violent extremist groups that have traditionally operated in Afghanistan; this may result in increased violence among the various extremist groups in 2016,” the Pentagon report states.

The report comes on the heels of President Barack Obama doubling down on his strategy to defeat the Islamic State, which focuses on airstrikes, training and equipping Iraqi and Syrian forces, disrupting the group’s finances and finding a diplomatic solution to the Syrian civil war.

But this offers evidence that shows the group appears to be growing in strength and influence outside its strongholds of Iraq and Syria, where much of the global anti-ISIS efforts are focused.

In October, President Barack Obama announced that 9,800 American troops would remain in Afghanistan for most of 2016. That number is slated to drop to 5,500 by the end of next year. Their main missions are training and assisting Afghanistan forces, as well as counterrorism.

The State Department warns Americans not to visit Afghanistan, citing an “extremely unstable” security situation. The Pentagon report says the situation worsened in the second half of this year, as various insurgents executed more effective attacks against Afghanistan forces, or ANDSF.

“Although the ANDSF maintain a significant capability advantage over the insurgency, insurgents are improving in their ability to find and exploit ANDSF vulnerabilities, making the security situation still fragile in key areas and at risk of deterioration in other places,” the report says.

FBI: Chattanooga Shooter Motivated By Terrorist Propaganda

The man who killed five people in shootings this summer in Chattanooga, Tennessee, was inspired by foreign terrorist propaganda, FBI Director James Comey said Wednesday.

Comey made the comments while speaking at a news conference in New York.

“We have concluded that the Chattanooga killer was inspired by a foreign terrorist organization’s propaganda,” Comey told reporters, though he added the source of the propaganda couldn’t be determined and stopped short of mentioning a specific group.

“There’s competing foreign terrorist poison out there,” Comey said at the news conference. “But, to my mind, there’s no doubt that the Chattanooga killer was inspired and motivated by foreign terrorist organization propaganda. We’ve investigated it from the beginning as a terrorist case.”

Mohammad Youssef Abdulazeez opened fire at two military locations on July 16.

The Kuwait native and naturalized U.S. citizen first fired upon a recruiting center, then drove seven miles to a Naval reserve facility and opened fire again. The 24-year-old killed four Marines and a sailor, all of them located at the reserve, before he was killed in a shootout with police.

In a televised address to the nation from the Oval Office on Dec. 6, President Barack Obama called the Chattanooga shooting an act of terrorism. But authorities had offered little public detail about why they believed it was terrorism-related until Comey’s comments Wednesday.

Terrorist groups often use social media to spread propaganda and communicate, and federal lawmakers have proposed new bills to combat that in the wake of the Dec. 2 mass shooting that killed 14 people in San Bernardino, California. Obama has also called that an act of terrorism.

New Guidelines Could Force Israeli Paramedics to Treat Terrorists Before Victims

The former Israeli Foreign Affairs Minister has criticized controversial new health guidelines that could, in theory, lead to Israeli paramedics treating wounded terrorists before their victims.

Avigdor Liberman called the Israeli Medical Association’s reported decision “shameful” in a translated posting on his Facebook page and said those behind it “just don’t live in reality.”

He was reacting to an article in the Israel Hayom newspaper that said the Israeli Medical Association’s Ethics Committee issued a new directive that revised the guidelines for triage.

The new rules, the newspaper reported, instruct paramedics to treat patients solely based on the severity of their injuries. Previously, there was a provision called “charity begins at home” that allowed paramedics to delay treating perpetrators even if their victims were less seriously hurt.

But the watchdog group Physicians for Human Rights filed a petition that sought to abandon that policy, Israel Hayom reported. The major argument for the change is that it’s not up to the health professionals to levy guilt in an emergency situation; that duty lies with the legal system.

“Doctors are not judges. Leaving the directive as it is means doctors have to determine guilt and penalize the guilty party by withholding medical care,” the association’s ethics director, Tammy Karni, told Israel Hayom, noting it would be easy for someone to mistake a victim as an attacker.

Some critics, though, believe that the new rule — if followed by the letter — may create situations where severely injured terrorists will receive treatment before their less-severely injured victims. In extreme cases, a terrorist’s life may be saved and a victim may die because of treatment order.

Rav Yuval Cherlow, who heads the Ethics Committee of Israel’s Tzohar Rabbinical Organization, told the Jewish news agency JNS.org that victims should always be treated before terrorists, unless there are some circumstances where it’s not easy to determine who was the assailant. In those cases, Cherlow said emergency personnel should treat victims based on wound severity.

But Israel Hayom reported that all Israeli emergency personnel are now required to follow the rules set by the Israeli Medical Association, which governs medical ethics throughout the nation.